Torque distribution strategy for a four In-wheel fully electric car

Jornadas de Automática, 2 - 4 de septiembre de 2015. BilbaoElectromobility promises to have a strong impact in several aspects of our life: introducing new means of transport concepts, proposing new business models and allowing to create new vehicle configurations impossible with traditional combustion engines. Regarding the latter, this paper presents a novel torque distribution strategy for a 4 in-wheel electric vehicle which aims to reduce the total longitudinal slip. The control strategy is designed off-line supported by a simulator and tested both in simulation (with a different model from the used for designing) as well as on a real sized prototype. The results show that the total longitudinal slip is successfully reduced after applying the control strategy and additionally, the radius described by the vehicle while cornering is slightly closer to the theoretical Ackerman radius.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad DPI2013-46912-C2-

La eficacia a largo plazo de un programa de intervención basada en la atención plena (MBI) para la tartamudez: un estudio de caso

A mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) to address emotional factors that may negatively impact the fluency of the subjects was implemented. A MBI consisting of 5 weekly 2-h sessions was designed and applied to two stuttering cases. The goals were to lower stuttering and to reduce anxiety through the acquisition of mindfulness skills. Participants were asked to video-record a speaking task and to fill out anxiety and mindfulness skills self-reports pre and post-intervention. Both participants diminished stuttering error rates from severe (participant 1) and moderate (participant 2) to mild. Participant 2, who showed high pre-treatment anxiety, showed a significant reduction. A year-follow-up revealed that therapeutic gains in anxiety, mindfulness skills, and stuttering were successfully maintained in both participants. This is the first study focused on emotional aspects of stuttering showing long-term improvements through a MBI. MBI programs could serve as a promising complement for stuttering treatments.Se utilizó una intervención basada en mindfulness (MBI) para abordar los factores emocionales que pueden afectar negativamente a la fluidez de los sujetos a través de un estudio de caso. Se diseñó un MBI que constaba de 5 sesiones semanales de 2 horas y se aplicó a dos casos de tartamudez. Los objetivos eran dismunuir la tartamudez y reducir los síntomas de ansiedad mediante la adquisición de habilidades de atención plena. Se pidió a los participantes que grabaran en video una tarea oral y que cumplimentaran los autoinformes de ansiedad y de habilidades de atención plena antes y después de la intervención. En ambos participantes disminuyó el índice de errores de tartamudeo de grave (participante 1) y moderado (participante 2) a leve. El participante 2, que mostró una elevada ansiedad previa al tratamiento, mostró una reducción significativa. Al año de seguimiento los beneficios terapéuticos en ansiedad, habilidades de atención plena y tartamudeo se mantuvieron con éxito en ambos participantes. Se trata del primer estudio centrado en los aspectos emocionales de la tartamudez que muestra mejoras a largo plazo a través de un MBI. Por lo tanto, los programas MBI podrían servir como complemento prometedor a los tratamientos de tartamudezJennifer E. Moreno-Jiménez was granted a predoctoral fellowship, FPI-UAM 2017 of the Universidad Autónoma de Madri

Metas sociales, necesidades psicológicas básicas y motivación intrínseca como predictores de la percepción del esfuerzo en las clases de educación física

The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive power of social goals, basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation on the perception of effort. A sample of 558 students, 297 girls and 261 boys, aged between 12 and 16 years, participated in the study. The students completed the Spanish versions of the Social Goal Scale-Physical Education (SGS-PE), the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES) adapted to physical education, the intrinsic motivation subscale of the Perceived Locus of Causality Scale (PLOC) and the effort subscale of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI). Multiple linear regression showed that social responsibility goals, perception of competence and autonomy positively predicted effort in physical education classes. These results show the importance for teachers to use strategies that promote responsibility, perception of competence and autonomy of the pupil, in order to achieve improvements in the effort made by pupils in physical education classes

Impact of immunosuppression regimen on COVID-19 mortality in kidney transplant recipients: Analysis from a Colombian transplantation centers registry

Introducción: El impacto de los diferentes esquemas de inmunosupresión en receptores de trasplante de órganos sólidos es desconocido. El conocimiento del comportamiento de la enfermedad bajo diferentes esquemas de inmunosupresión es escaso. Nuestra experiencia intenta determinar el riesgo de muerte en receptores de trasplante renal con COVID-19 bajo dos esquemas diferentes de inmunosupresión. Métodos: Describimos la experiencia en receptores de trasplante renal con infección por SARS-CoV-2 en siete centros de trasplante renal en la ciudad de Bogotá, durante el primer año de pandemia y previo al inicio de los programas de vacunación. Las características demográficas, la presentación clínica, los esquemas de inmunosupresión y las estrategias de tratamiento fueron comparadas entre pacientes recuperados y fallecidos, un análisis de sobrevida fue llevado a cabo entre esquemas basados en inhibidores de calcineurina y esquemas libres de inhibidores de calcineurina. Resultados: Entre los 165 casos confirmados, 28 murieron (17%), los factores de riesgo identificados para mortalidad en el análisis univariado fueron: edad mayor de 60 años, diabetes, un esquema de inmunosupresión basado en inhibidores de calcineurina y pacientes recibiendo esteroides en el momento del diagnóstico. En el análisis multivariado, la presencia de hipoxemia en el momento del diagnóstico (p = 0,000) y un esquema de inmunosupresión basado en inhibidores de calcineurina (p = 0,002) fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. El análisis de sobrevida encontró un riesgo mayor de mortalidad en pacientes bajo esquemas de inmunosupresión con inhibidores de calcineurina vs. aquellos libres de inhibidores de calcineurina, con tasas de mortalidad respectivas en 21,7 y 8,5% (p = 0,036). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que los inhibidores de calcineurina no aportan mayor protección en pacientes con trasplante renal y COVID-19 en comparación con esquemas libres de inhibidores de calcineurina, siendo necesario realizar análisis que permitan evaluar los desenlaces con diferentes esquemas de inmunosupresión en receptores de trasplante renal con infección por SARS-CoV-2.Q2Q3Receptores de trasplante renal con infección por SARS-CoV-2Background: The impact of immunosuppression in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown. The knowledge about the behavior of different immunosuppression schemes in clinical outcomes is scarce. This study aimed to determine the risk of death in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19 under two different schemes of immunosuppression. Methods: We describe our experience in kidney transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in seven transplant centers during the first year of the pandemic before starting the vaccination programs in the city of Bogotá. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, immunosuppression schemes at presentation, and global treatment strategies were compared between recovered and dead patients; survival analysis was carried out between calcineurin inhibitors based regimen and free calcineurin inhibitors regimen. Results: Among 165 confirmed cases, 28 died (17%); the risk factors for mortality identified in univariate analysis were age older than 60 years (p = .003) diabetes (p = .001), immunosuppression based on calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) (p = .025) and patients receiving steroids (p = .041). In multivariable analysis, hypoxemia (p = .000) and calcineurin inhibitors regimen (p = .002) were predictors of death. Survival analysis showed increased mortality risk in patients receiving CNI based immunosuppression regimen vs. CNI free regimens mortality rates were, respectively, 21.7% and 8.5% (p = .036). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the calcineurin inhibitors probably do not provide greater protection compared to calcineurin inhibitor free schemes being necessary to carry out analyzes that allow us to evaluate the outcomes with different immunosuppression schemes in solid organ transplant recipients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9852-749Xhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0960-9480Revista Internacional - IndexadaN

Responsabilidad social universitaria en instituciones de educación superior de la Provincia de El Oro, Ecuador

La responsabilidad social universitaria se constituye en un elemento central para Instituciones de Educación Universitaria a nivel mundial; forma parte de la esencia del servicio que este tipo de instituciones ofrece a países y sociedades. La práctica de responsabilidad social exige compromiso social y ambiental, aspectos sobre los cuales se debe educar. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación es analizar la responsabilidad social universitaria y las principales practicas y acciones que las Instituciones de Educación Superior están adoptando para hacer frente a las exigencias mundiales en torno a este fenómeno. La metodología es de orden documental y de revisión sistemática. Los resultados indican que la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria aun es un concepto en evolución, dado el dinamismo del mercado, y tiene repercusiones en factores como la internacionalización y la modernización tecnológica. Se concluye que la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria tiene un alto impacto en la construcción y reconstrucción de valores en la sociedad

Design of Spatial-Mode (De)Multiplexer for Few-Mode Fibers Based on a Cyclically Used Michelson-Like Interferometer

Few mode optical fibers are a promising way to continue increasing the data rate in optical communications. However, an efficient method to launch and extract separately each mode is essential. The design of a interferometric spatial mode (de)multiplexer for few mode optical fibers is presented. It is based on a single Michelson-like interferometer which consists of standard optical elements and has a reflective image inverter in one arm. Particular care has been taken in its design so that both polarizations behave the same. Moreover, this interferometer can process several pairs of modes simultaneously. The multiplexer also consists of: a phase plate, focusing optics at both ports of the interferometer and elliptical core fibers to recirculate some outputs. It can multiplex ten spatial and polarization modes and it presents low losses and no intrinsic crosstalk between modes. Additionally, it is polarization insensitive, achromatic, compact and inexpensive. The same system can work as a demultiplexer when used in reverse. In this case, both the losses and the crosstalk remain very low. Similar designs that perform other functions, like an add-drop mode multiplexing, are also suggestedThis research was funded by: Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Gobierno de España, grant number AYA2016-78773-C2-2-P; Xunta de Galicia, Consellería de Educación, Universidades e FP, Grant GRC number ED431C2018/11; and European Regional Development FundS

Secondary Control for Storage Power Converters in Isolated Nanogrids to Allow Peer-to-Peer Power Sharing

It is usual in literature that power sharing among grid-forming sources of an isolated microgrid obeys their energy rating, instead of economic agreements between stakeholders, and circulating energy among them is usually avoided. However, these energy interchanges make strong sense and classical power sharing methods must be reformulated in the context of prosumer-based microgrids. This paper proposes a secondary control method for a prosumer-based low-voltage nanogrid that allows for energy interchange between prosumers, where storage systems, together with PV generators, are the controllable grid-forming sources. A power flow technique adapted to islanded microgrids is used for secondary control algorithm and the whole hierarchical control strategy for the prosumer converter is simulated and validated. This hierarchical control consists of three stages: tertiary control plans the energy interchange among prosumers, secondary obtains different voltage and power setpoints for each of the grid-forming sources, and, finally, primary control guarantees stable voltage and frequency values within the nanogrid with droop rules. Inner control loops for the power converter are also defined to track setpoints and assure stable performance. Simulation tests are carried out, which prove the stability of the proposed methods and the accuracy of the setpoint tracking

Interferometric space-mode multiplexing based on binary phase plates and refractive phase shifters

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) that includes in an arm either a reflective image inverter or a Gouy phase shifter (RGPS) can (de)multiplex many types of modes of a few mode fiber without fundamental loss. The use of RGPSs in combination with binary phase plates for multiplexing purposes is studied for the first time, showing that the particular RGPS that shifts π the odd modes only multiplexes accurately low order modes. To overcome such a restriction, we present a new exact refractive image inverter, more compact and flexible than its reflective counterpart. Moreover, we show that these interferometers remove or reduce the crosstalk that the binary phase plates could introduce between the multiplexed modes. Finally, an experimental analysis of a MZI with both an approximated and an exact refractive image inverter is presented for the case of a bimodal multiplexing. Likewise, it is proven experimentally that a RGPS that shifts π/2 demultiplexes two odd modes which can not be achieved by any image inverter.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Central Government of Spain, Contract number FIS2013-46584-C2-1-R; Fondo Europeo de Desenvolvemento Rexional 2007-2013 (FEDER).S

The Measure Equivalence Across Gender of The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) for Ecuadorian college students

Background: Cognitive Fusion (CF) limits behavior by perceiving thoughts as real events. It is a crucial process in the evaluation and intervention of contextual therapies. Its measurement is carried out through the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ), which, despite its psychometric analysis in several countries, the studies on its measurement invariance by gender are cases. This lack of information prevents a full understanding of this phenomenon and its comparison by genre. Objective: To evaluate the CFQ measure equivalence across gender, its validity of association with other variables, and its internal consistency using a sample of Ecuadorian university students. Method: Confirmatory factor analyses were designed with the restrictions corresponding to each level of measurement equivalence and the differences between the adjustment indices were evaluated. The validity of association with variables was computed by means of latent relationships and a factorial model was built to evaluate the equivalence of measurement by gender of these correlations. Finally, the total omega for each gender was calculated. Participants: 356 university students (59.1% women), between 18 and 58 years of age (mean= 25.52; sd= 7.51); 43.9% of these students studied in public institutions (43.9%), 27.5% studied in technical and/or technological institutions and 28.6% were enrolled in private institutions. Results: The CFQ shows factorial validity through a unidimensional structure. The equivalence of the measure across gender is strong. Additionally, the CFQ shows validity and coherence with regards to convergence and divergence, and the questionnaire items have high internal consistency. Conclusion: This study significantly expands the knowledge about the psychometric properties of the CFQ in the university population of Ecuador. Women show a greater tendency to CF in the comparison between genders. These findings are valuable for future research to better understand the influence of gender on this phenomenon

Fundamentos de Psicología para principiantes

La Psicología actualmente se ha vinculado en diferentes áreas, y en esta obra hacemos un acercamiento a lo que se hace en esta ciencia en la psicoterapia, la psicología organizacional, los diferentes cuadros psicopatológicos, la psicología educativa, los fundamentos de la neurobiología en la conducta y cognición y el campo de la sexología.Universidad Tecnológica Indoaméric